Plants are the essential base component of all ecosystems and they play a critical role in the fate and transport of nanoparticles in the environment through uptake and bioaccumulation. Even though investigations on plant uptake and accumulation of nanoparticles are still in its rudimentary stage, some new publications have been added to the literature in the past few years yielding new advances in the area of nanotoxicology. Increasing use of carbon nanotubes (CNT) necessitate an improved understanding of their potential impact on environment. The uptake efficiency and effects of carbon-based nanoparticles vary differently among plants. This review critically assesses the fate and behaviour of carbon-based nanomaterials in plants emphasizing on their phytotoxic effects.