Objectives: This study seeks to examine the specific challenges and barriers related to women's participation in politics and decision-making within the context of Pakistan.

Methodology: This study deploys literature review and historical analysis to understand the context and causes of women's underrepresentation. Furthermore, sociocultural analysis is used to assess the societal norms and cultural factors affecting women's participation in politics. Institutional analysis is used to evaluate the structural barriers and policies that hinder women's political involvement.

Findings: The outcomes of this study indicates that women in Pakistan face persistent obstacles to active participation in politics as well as these obstacles stem from historical, sociocultural, and institutional factors. Furthermore, the underrepresentation of women in political positions has adverse effects on Pakistan's democratic framework, including limited diversity and inclusivity. The study identifies the need for comprehensive measures to remove these barriers and promote a more equal and representative political landscape in Pakistan.