… Long-acting bronchodilators, including long-acting β 2 agonists (LABA) and long-acting
muscarinic … safety of dual bronchodilator treatment strategies in COPD in the real-world settings. …

… an inhaled short-acting bronchodilator can be prescribed for … due to arthritis, cerebrovascular
disease, or poor vision. … The tiotropium safety database includes data on 2159 person…

… heart disease, cardiac arrhythmias, or cerebrovascular disease). … Research is also needed
to examine the relative safety … first use of a long-acting bronchodilator, a majority of patients in …

… Cardio-/cerebrovascular (CCV) event frequencies were … function are likely to receive a
second bronchodilator or a fixed-dose … safety findings from observational studies of long-acting …

… . Cardiovascular safety of inhaled long-acting bronchodilators in individuals with chronic
obstructive pulmonary disease. JAMA Intern Med 2013;173:1175–85.doi:10.1001/…

… -acting bronchodilators, whereas according to their pharmacological properties, bronchodilators
… Use of oral glucocorticoids and risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease in a …

… Use of long-acting bronchodilators or short-acting muscarinic … Safety was assessed in the
safety population, which … Serious cardio- and cerebrovascular adverse events were infrequent …

… long-acting bronchodilators at therapeutic … cerebrovascular (CCV) mortality or morbidity
in patients with COPD [6], [7]. The efficacy and safety of free-dose combinations of long-acting …

… to single bronchodilation, with a special focus on safety. We … have established long-acting
bronchodilators (LABD) as the … difference in the risk of cerebrovascular events. Therefore, …

… bronchodilation in patients with COPD, there is controversy surrounding their cardiovascular
safety… Patients were required to have at least 1 of the following: cerebrovascular disease (eg…