… ATP release is less well understood. Multiple mechanisms have been proposed to regulate
ATP release with connexin (Cx) hemichannels … Panxs and Cxs in ATP release in a plethora …

… release … connexin hemichannels in ATP release, it is possible that inhibitors of gap junctional
coupling may not have the same effects or potency as inhibitors of connexin hemichannels. …

… In this study, we examined connexin hemichannels as a candidate pathway for ATP release
and its … Our key findings include: (1) ATP release and uptake of LY induced by removal of …

… To investigate the relationship between photorelease of caged IP 3 , ATP release, and Cx
hemichannels, we performed a third set of experiments using cellular biosensors (37) (Fig. 3). …

… An important question concerns the role of cytoplasmic calcium in triggering ATP release
through opening of connexin hemichannels. InsP3-triggered ATP release is, based on …

… Such a role has been proposed for Cx43 hemichannel opening in release of glutamate
and ATP (and certainly other biological active molecules as well) from astrocytes, which could …

… HCs leading to ATP release and depletion of intracellular ATP, … ATP release via HCs and
the depletion of intracellular ATP … Cx36 HCs in neurons mediate the ATP release and cause …

… Knockdown of connexin 36 expression by siRNA greatly reduces the amount of ATP released
… that during depolarization neurons release ATP by way of connexin 36 hemichannels. …

… , but definitive proof that ATP exits through Cx43 hemichannels does not exist. Here, … that
ATP anions can permeate through Cx43 hemichannels. First, openings of Cx43 hemichannels …

… In summary, our data suggest that ATP released through Cx32 hemichannels mediate a
signaling pathway, probably through the activation of P2Y2 receptors expressed at the same cell…