… muscle pain conditions. Development of animal models of muscle pain is complicated because
persistent muscle pain … cutaneous tissue sensitivity as well as muscle function. Persistent …

… We have developed a new model of evaluation of pain induced by gastric distension in
awake rats using an original parameter consisting of the electromyogram of the neck muscle. …

… Experimental manipulation of either the TMJ or masticatory muscles is particularly difficult
in awake-behaving animals. It is also difficult to provide prolonged or multiple deliveries of …

… bilaterally, the paraspinous muscles, and/or the deep muscles of the neck for … pain in the
experimenters also evoked a brisk withdrawal followed by licking when applied to awake rats…

… pain behavior. These changes may represent a first step in TNF-induced neuropathic pain.
… Approximately 1 cm from the tip, the tubing was loosely sutured (2.0 silk) to the muscle such …

… that bite force in awake rats is applicable for studying motor … Assessment of bite force in
the awake rat is potentially … in behaving rats, and used as a measure of muscle pain and …

… pain in adults. For example, women with fibromyalgia (a syndrome characterized by chronic
… pain) exhibited flattened diurnal cortisol with greater cortisol responses upon awakening [67…

… stimuli, such as an injection of hypertonic saline into muscle or a brief heating to 46 C, rarely
(… rat, but has no consistent effect on the spontaneous discharge of ON cells in the awake rat […

… allodynia overlying the gastrocnemius muscle is difficult to perform in rats, we cannot rule …
contributed to lowered withdrawal thresholds to muscle pressure. Withdrawal thresholds to …

… EEG and neck muscle EMG signals from which the three vigilance states (awake, slow-…
Prior to CCI injury of a sciatic nerve all rats spent significantly more time awake during the dark …