… Strains that were positive for the binary toxin were also subjected to PCR ribotyping in order
… strain of PCR ribotype 027. No strains in the present study matched the 027 PCR ribotype. …

… Binary toxin genes encoding binary toxin were found in 10/142 isolates (7.0 %): once for
ribotype 027, in three cases of ribotype … None of the ten binary toxin-positive cases in our study …

… of binary toxin genes in C. difficile. The study also investigated variation in binary toxin genes
and … between the possession of binary toxin genes, changes in LCT genes and ribotype. …

… The presence of toxin genes specific for different ribotypes was … , toxin A, B and binary toxin
B genes were detected but not … presence of binary toxin B but not binary toxin A gene have …

… We used those that were reported to have the most discriminatory power, such as PCR
ribotyping, AP-PCR, and PFGE (10). The results of the combined markers were consistent and …

… that binary toxin genes were present in some PCR ribotypes … in different PCR ribotypes in
the large Cardiff PCR ribotype … had the genes for binary toxin, however, not all gene positive …

… genes for A, B, and binary toxin. The latter group comprised patients infected with strains of
PCR ribotype … Patients with binary toxin had higher case-fatality rates than patients without …

… belonging to PCR ribotype 027 [1]. This strain produces binary toxin CDT, encoded by cdtA
and cdtB, and has a partial deletion of the regulatory tcdC gene, resulting in toxin A and B …

… a 39 bp deletion in the tcdC gene. Binary toxin genes were present, and the strain was
characterized as toxinotype XIb. This strain belonged to the same PCR ribotype (033/033-like) as …

… difficile, especially ribotype 027. We analysed the prevalence of binary toxin genes and tcdC
… The majority (83%) belonged to one of five tcdC types and 8% were ribotype 027. There …