… One recent study (1) estimated that the RF of black carbon (… radiative properties: black
carbon and organic carbon (OC). … ) of fossil fuels and biofuels and open biomass burning (BB) (…

… The EC snowpit concentrations in this work are slightly higher than other reported EC (black
carbon) measurements of snow, firn, and ice in Greenland (Table 1). This discrepancy could …

… The carbon-to-oxygen ratios and graphitic nature of a range of black carbon standard …
However, the influence of fuel and burn conditions on biomass burn particulate matter is not …

… 4), with about 20% from biofuels, 40% from fossil fuels and 40% from open biomass burning.
The uncertainty in the published estimates for BC emissions is a factor of two to five on …

… a public health standard for airborne black carbon (BC). In … eg, residential burning of biomass
and coal without controls, … scientific assessments of black carbon/elemental carbon (BC/…

… , agricultural residue burning, forest fires, and fossil fuel combustion. Most importantly, black
carbon (BC) emissions from biomass burning can significantly alter the radiative balance by …

… chromatography to quantify the molecular markers of black carbon. … biomass burning,
including biomass fuels, are estimated at 5–6 Tg BC y−1, almost as high as those from fossil fuels (…

… , an overview of the black carbon produced by domestic solid fuel combustion in an area of
… reduce black carbon illustrate the importance of reducing dependence upon solid fuels and …

… Black carbon (BC) is used synonymously for nvPM throughout this paper. Aircraft cruise …
jet fuel, a Fischer–Tropsch synthetic fuel, and a biomass fatty acid methyl ester fuel for a gas …

… As mentioned above, the present study does not include open biomass burning, which is
located in dry regions and results in longer residence times. The atmospheric residence time of …