… hemodialysis is central venous occlusive disease. There has been … for the treatment of central
venous stenosis and obstruction. … access to, or intervention in, the central venous system. …

… patients had previously had central venous catheters placed [3]. … entail central venous
catheter-induced trauma to the venous … Peripherally inserted central catheters and central venous …

… Central venous disease (CVD) represents a pathological condition in which stenosis or …
central vein (CV) [1]. The well-known cause of CVD is the presence of history of central venous …

… patients is central venous occlusive disease. There has been … for the treatment of central
venous stenosis and obstruction. … venous access or intervention of the central venous system. …

… also with venous … diseases with varying etiologies and treatments. In addition, there are
only limited data on the relationship between venous congestion, as estimated by central venous …

… chronic venous disease. Furthermore, an understanding of the natural history of venous disease
… Effective venous return requires the interaction of a central pump, a pressure gradient, a …

… between central venous pressure and intravascular volume; neither a single central venous
… catheter related infections (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) definitions) …

… Microvascular venous hypertension has emerged as a central feature of chronic venous
disease (CVD). Yet… Peripheral venous hypertension has emerged as a central feature of chronic …

… of central venous catheter-related infection prevention among European ICU nurses. We
recommend including central venous … Central venous catheters are life-sustaining devices, but …

… venous infarction is so different from that of arterial infarction.1 … Acute orbital syndrome
develops when venous drainage of … the central retinal vein or its branches results in venous stasis, …