… per capita costs adjusted by age, sex and comorbidity burden … cost impact of chronic obstructive
pulmonary disease (COPD)… artery disease, depression, gastro-esophageal reflux disease…

… The search was based on the following subject headings connected by an “AND” operator:
chronic obstructive lung disease, comorbidity, “health care cost”. 107 items were found. …

… Our objective was to assess the impact of comorbidities on COPD-associated costs in a …
is defined by GOLD (Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease) as a common, …

… by each comorbidity score. We then calculated adjusted annual costs for each specific disease,
using … adjusted costs considered age, sex, specific chronic diseases, and the Charlson …

… that contribute to the bulk of deaths worldwide, namely cardiovascular diseases, cancers,
diabetes, and chronic lung disease [13]. To these, we added four other health conditions, …

… of comorbidities on excess direct medical costs in COPD … of COPD comorbidities from more
than one disease domain [10, 11… the costs between COPD patients and a non-COPD general …

… The set of three comorbidities responsible for the highest average total costs, and the …
and acute respiratory disease, regardless of specific combinations of comorbidities. Based on …

… COPD patients with multiple diseases. In this review, we focus on the major comorbidities
that affect COPD … commonly encountered comorbidities, and the burden on health care costs. …

… the global cost load. Accordingly, in this study, we aimed to assess the effects of comorbidities
on COPD costs and to investigate the relationship between comorbidities and clinical …

… -based COPD cases with mild-to-moderate disease and control subjects without … comorbid
conditions and direct costs, but excess costs of COPD were mainly due to the lung disease …