… for the safety evaluation of complex mixtures is the dichotomy of complex mixtures into … The
HI method is based on the assumption of dose additivity (similar joint action) and is thus only …

… (a) Three widely used empirical criteria for defining zero interaction are effect additivity (Eqn
1), independence (Eqn 2) and dose additivity (Eqn 3). A combination effect is said to be non-…

… approach combining dose-effect studies of a "real life" complex mixture with … additive for
delay of particle dearance; additive for respiratory function impairment; and greater than additive …

… Dose additivity was also observed in the kidney … mixtures should be divided into simple
and complex mixtures, the scheme continues with a dichotomy of complex mixtures into mixtures …

… other (throughout the dose range of interest), and the mixture dose term in the dose additive
prediction … This example demonstrates the four-step evaluation with a more complex mixture …

… , mixture mutagenicity in site-of-contact tissues (eg, small intestine) was generally more than
dose-additive and … Overall, this study demonstrates that dose-additive predictions of mixture …

… dose addition or Loewe additivity [9]. There are a number of advantages in considering
additivity in terms of doses … Under additivity there is dose equivalence upon standardization by …

… the US EPA in assessing mixtures risk is to … dose additivity or response additivity to assess
risks (Table 1). In practice, examination of mixture risk at low environmentally relevant doses …

… methods for complex mixtures of carcinogenic agents. … are additive, or dose additivity, in
which the risk associated with the mixture as a whole is determined by summing the doses of the …

… It therefore becomes clear that: (1) deviation from simple additivity without information about
dose–effect relationships and molecular or … Toxicological approaches to complex mixtures …