… SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Perceptual decisions require conversion of sensory evidence
… to a decision threshold can explain the distribution of choices and associated decision times. …

… of the sensory side of the central nervous system. We have got our first batch of facts from
the anatomical, neurophysiological, and psychophysical study of sensation and perception, …

… perceptual decision-making by exploring three major questions: How is decisionrelevant
information … What cortical areas are necessary for perceptual decision-making? And finally, …

… transformation of sensory data into the percept appears to involve the integration and storage
of vS1 signals … to access and act upon sensory information in the ascending, subcortical …

… Importantly, the transition evidence z T needs to be converted into an effective decision bias
by projecting it into the right–left choice space (Fig. 3c, d). This is achieved in our framework …

… To account for these choice biases, we computed first-order Wiener kernels describing a
causal transformation from the sequences of past choices to the sequence of choice residuals …

… choices and decision times on this task. We emphasize that we do not expect all perceptual
decisions … the conversion of momentary evidence to a binary decision (for review, see [30]). …

… act associated with a behavioral report of the perceptual decision. Further, changes in pupil-…
top-down signal associated with the process of converting graded perceptual signals into a …

… perceptual decision making was decoupled and deconfounded from bottom-up sensory
information … Taken together these results demonstrate that a very simple transformation of the …

… These studies with different approaches have shown that human perception is close to the
Bayesian optimal suggesting the Bayesian process may be a fundamental element of sensory …