… COVID-19 pneumonia is a patient’s smoking history. However, the observation of reduced
prevalence of smoking among hospitalized COVID-19 … or other constituents in smoke by active …

… Some 27,28 have argued that the fact that reported smoking prevalence in COVID patients
is lower than has been reported in the general population as evidence for a protective effect …

… Furthermore, the prevalence of current smokers in COVID-19 patients was 9% (95% CI, …
prevalence of COPD patients in COVID-19 case series compared to the latest COPD prevalence …

… In conclusion, the observations of a consistently low prevalence of smoking among
COVID-19 cases in China and the US, together with the potential mechanisms through which …

… data from China showed that men had more severe outcomes of COVID-19 than women.
Since smoking prevalence is very high among Chinese men in comparison to women, it was …

… prevalence of smoking in COVID-19 study populations with population estimates for smoking
prevalence, … reports that smoking may exert a protective effect against COVID-19 infection. …

… an unusually low prevalence of smoking among hospitalized … prevalence odds ratio (POR)
of smoking among hospitalized COVID-19 patients, while the association between smoking …

… , smoking was … COVID-19 patients found a low smoking prevalence of about 6% [13]. The
protective association has been also recently observed in France where smoking prevalence …

… prefecture where smoking prevalence … smoking with worse prognosis and mortality in
COVID-19 patients [1, 2]. In conclusion, smoking may be independently associated with COVID-19, …

… prevalence of comorbidities in patients with COVID-19 is essential. This study aimed to assess
the prevalence … , age, gender and smoking status in patients with COVID-19. A systematic …