… disease may be associated with more severe disease.In this review, we examine current
understanding of critical illness from COVID-19 … Pre-existing chronic lung disease is also a …

… with a respiratory disease in the COVID-19 group had a … underlying respiratory disease had
an OR of 5.15 for critical care or … COVID-19 doubled in patients with respiratory disease [44]. …

… This is typical of the hospitalization pattern in viral respiratory disease. Studies of influenza
hospitalizations in the United States have found that people younger than 65 years account …

… (9.0%) and chronic lung disease (9.2%). The study also concluded that the elderly had a
high risk of developing severe illness, which is consistent with our study. Another study from …

… , is the clinical hallmark of COVID-19 multiorgan dysfunction and is associated with critical
illness and mortality in COVID-19 (96). Robust cytokine responses in COVID-19 involve IL-2, IL…

… of COVID-19. Old age and male gender are associated with more severe illness of COVID-19. …
severity by chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), interstitial lung disease (ILD), …

… a risk factor for severe illness in COVID-19, our data suggest that once critically ill, patients
… is longer than many other studies of COVID-19 critical illness. There are several limitations to …

… critical respiratory failure, there is a substantial benefit 2 . On this basis, we consider patients
with critical COVID-19 respiratory … In the UK, the group of patients admitted to critical care is …

… severe or critical illness, which may help early triage and improve the clinical outcomes of
COVID-19. … Chronic respiratory disease: having at any of COPD, asthma and bronchiectasis. •: …

… critical illness among this population using large data sets to enhance our understanding of
this rapidly expanding disease… risk factors associated with hospitalization and critical illness. …