… diseases of aging. Included are such disorders as Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's
disease (… , and age‐related macular degeneration. Also included are such peripheral conditions …

… MAPK family as it relates to cytokine production in the CNS. … to CNS proinflammatory cytokine
production. We provide a … isoforms in the production of proinflammatory cytokines. We also …

… , but in primary degenerative diseases it is less clear whether these cytokines have beneficial
… then discuss the signature cytokines produced by T cells with pathogenic effector function. …

… and pro-inflammatory cytokine production before disease symptomatology indicates these
biochemical changes may be directly involved in motor neuron degeneration. In support of this…

… These cells are crucial in the production of proinflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α, IL-6
and IL-1β are, which act in an autocrine and paracrine manner by promoting insulin resistance…

… IL-1 is a well-characterized proinflammatory cytokine that has been implicated in several
chronic degenerative disease processes, including the development of atherosclerosis and …

… ALS is a degenerative disease leading to the dysfunction of … production [95]. In addition,
IDO-activated cells can alter the cytokine production of APCs to anti-inflammatory cytokines, TGF-…

… Degenerative disease is a common affliction of the lumbar spine and aging, congenital …
contributing to the degenerative process. Unlike acute injury, degenerative disease cause slow …

… key inflammatory cytokines during each of the individual phases of degenerative disc disease,
as … Cytokine production by IVD cells was found to be responsive to various environmental …

… leading to increased vulnerability, degeneration, and death. … , with reduction in proinflammatory
cytokine production [25, 26]. … on human monocyte cytokine production did not provide …