… or the inadequate production of anti-inflammatory cytokines. This article summarizes the role
of cytokines in rheumatic diseases by focusing on each disease and the involved pathways …

… the eleven IL-1 family cytokines and their receptors are discussed, along with their putative
roles in rheumatic disease and therapeutic options for targeting or promoting these cytokines. …

… a breakthrough in the management of several rheumatic diseases. However, many patients
… on novel cytokines that are often members of previously described cytokine families such as …

… and other cells, and cytokines in each category can … cytokines are likely to be directly or
indirectly involved in the abnormal regulation of various tissues affected by rheumatic diseases. …

… ; this gave rise to the concept and identification of endogenous cytokine inhibitors (ie IL-1
receptor antagonist and TNF soluble receptor) (1984–1989). The fourth milestone was the …

… rheumatic diseases. The identification of additional pro-inflammatory factors in rheumatic
diseases … This short review will consider those novel cytokine activities that represent optimal …

… fibroblasts or macrophages, the use of cytokine antagonists, such as anti-cytokine antibody
or soluble cytokine receptor biologics may indirectly downregulate chemokine synthesis. …

… and reducing symptoms in rheumatic diseases such as … syndromes such as inflammatory
bowel disease. As TNF belongs to … proinflammatory TNF family cytokines and their receptors, or …

… The realisation that the production of inflammatory cytokines in inflammatory rheumatic
diseases may be induced by non-infectious endogenous signals has encouraged researchers to …

… of families of receptors that drive proinflammatory cytokine production in infection and tissue
… of inflammatory joint disease - the Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and NOD-like receptors (NLRs). …