… Mammalian MIF (mMIF) is a proinflammatory cytokine with pleiotropic functions and a
significant regulator of the inflammatory immune response. Homologs of mMIF have been …

… In this review, the authors document how infection by SARS-CoV-2 can lead to similar
pathophysiological findings with PH. Notably increased pro-inflammatory cytokines, angiotensin II, …

… profibrotic cytokines TGF-β and IL-13. By contrast, the release of other profibrotic and
proinflammatory cytokines (ie, IL-6 and TNF-α) and the anti–inflammatory and antifibrotic cytokine IL…

… This is one of the critical pathways promoting inflammation through the production of
proinflammatory cytokines. The activated TLR7 and TLR9 increase the expression of type I IFNs by …

… Simplified representation of selected potential therapeutic targets involved in … Th2 cytokine
receptors, a cascade of intracellular signals regulate the selective production of Th2 cytokines…

… Corroborating this last hypothesis, not only IFN-γ but also other circulating cytokine levels
were also reported to be enhanced in SARS-CoV-infected patients, including IL-1, IL-8, IL-12, …

… cells to sites of tissue damage, and they are cytokines that can directly interact with liver cells.23,
… The attracted effector cells can in turn produce cytokines that enhance the production of …

… cytokines, which serve as a paradigm for mechanisms of specificity and synergy in cytokine
… and the pathways initiated by proinflammatory cytokines leading to the activation of the NF-…

Epigenetic reprogramming of thousands of genes directs the course of acute systemic
inflammation, which is highly lethal when dysregulated during sepsis. No molecular-based …

… receptors in the pathogenesis of these diseases is discussed, with an update on the
development of interventions to modulate the activity of these potential therapeutic targets. …