Importance Myelodysplastic neoplasms (MDS), formerly known as myelodysplastic
syndromes, are clonal hematopoietic malignancies that cause morphologic bone marrow
dysplasia along with anemia, neutropenia, or thrombocytopenia. MDS are associated with
an increased risk of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). The yearly incidence of MDS is
approximately 4 per 100 000 people in the United States and is higher among patients with
advanced age. Observations MDS are characterized by reduced numbers of peripheral …