… Affiliated board members, defined as directors who conducted business … board members
because they were not independent of management (Mallette & Fowler, 1992). Data on boards …

… Often, corporate executives and board directors of large firms belong to this group, and …
board, we excluded all executive board members2 and employee representatives on the board. …

… Consistent with this logic, underperforming firms could seek similar benefits from relevant
government officials by appointing them as board directors, which may provide the firms with …

… a divisional manager and her board of directors; Section 3 adds this … nor between a board of
directors and its shareholders. … the boards of directors must decide whether to merge the two …

… examines the double-edged effect of government directors on … Since we cannot predict which
of the two effects will be larger … the political backgrounds of board members. To fill this gap, …

… How accurately can employees, customers, and members of the public distinguish between
these two types of activism? Do they react differently to them? Should this distinction matter …

… Board members tend to favor demographically similar board … Heterogeneity in board
members’ backgrounds creates an … interaction and communication in boards’ decision-making …

… In this study, we offer evidence on the double-edged sword perspective of … two vice-chairpersons,
who are elected by the affirmative votes of more than half of all the board members …

… how this and other codes are double-edged swords that demand … clause asking SPJ members
to censure wrongdoers in the … In May, 1985, the SPJ National Board of Directors heard the …

… when board members of one firm serve on multiple boards. … for board members, and in
many cases, board members are … on it could damage a director's reputation and hinder their …