… Biomedical science has little considered the relevance of life history theory and … that early
life influences can alter later disease risk—the ‘‘developmental origins of health and disease’’ (…

… likely mediators of later-life expression of early-life events. … later-life diseases resulting from
early-life exposures in order to identify in utero and postnatal indicators of later-life diseases, …

… from altered environmental conditions during the early life period. Human and experimental
… the early life environment and increased risk of obesity and metabolic disorders in later life. …

… The effects that a small portion of these chemicals have on mammary gland development
are known, but the link between early life health effects and later life disease, such as the …

… nutrition and morbidity early in life, and longevity. Fogels attention to early life experiences
is … malnutrition in utero and during early life to chronic diseases in later life: (1) malnutrition …

… of other conditions such as cardiovascular disease, metabolic disease, or osteoporosis. …
early life events play a powerful role in influencing later susceptibility to certain chronic diseases. …

… models have shown that the early environment modulates or “… results of early programming
on late chronic disease outcomes, … particularly strongly in the sensitive stage of early life. …

… in studies of early-life factors and later health outcomes. … in relating early life exposures to
later health outcomes, in … associations between early life influences and later outcomes. One …

… mortality risks (which were largely due to infectious diseases) than with mid-life mortality
risks; and the concomitant increase in height suggests that reductions in infectious …

… in early life may be of particular etiologic importance and review evidence for the early …
Exposures of children in early life to lead, polychlorinated biphenyls, and methylmercury …