… : what we consider a short-term stressor, such as a flood, will … to multiple stressors from
individuals to the whole ecosystem, it is … , the ecological memory at different levels of ecological …

… phenomena to ecosystem-level processes and … with ecological phenomena is limited. In
animals, relevance of physiological effects in a climate change context at the ecosystem level …

… In contrast some stressor combinations, like … stressors do not always have similar outcomes
at all levels of organisation. Often, stressor impacts at the population- and ecosystem levels …

… The scientific community has declared stressor interactions—notably synergies—a key …
ecological literature over the past four decades to evaluate trends in the reporting of ecological …

… the term ‘driver’ of ecosystem change rather than ‘stressor’ for nutrient and climate related …
high levels of nutrient enrichment and would be considered a ‘stressor’, at background levels …

… providing better predictability of stressor-impact relationships… stressor effects on our
endangered freshwater ecosystems. … of stressor effects and to ineffective ecosystem conservation …

… of freshwater ecosystems to paired stressors and discovered that … effect size was less than
the sum of their single effects (ie an antagonistic interaction). Net effects of dual stressors on …

… of effects on important community- and ecosystem-level variables such as biodiversity and
ecosystem … If we know the effects of multiple stressors on such traits, we can make educated …

… of ecosystems, such as trait information or stable-isotope measurements. The insights on
network-mediated effects … -stressor effects, and in turn, the efficiency of ecosystem management …

… rivers and lakes to stressor effects. While freshwater ecosystems in general are sinks that
collect anthropogenic stressors, the much higher shoreline length of rivers multiplies the …