… interpretation of epidemiologic data on cancer risk. It begins with an introduction to the
centuries-old discussion on cause and causation and next considers the epidemiologic concept …

… cancer, its control and prevention measures as applicable to Indian situation. Tobacco is th
important identified cause of cancer … Cancer prevention in primary and secondary prevention …

… These molecular signatures may, in the future, identify the causal exposure(s) for cancer in
… epidemiologists, cancer prevention scientists, geneticists, cancer biologists, and clinicians. …

… , prevention and early diagnosis, and improved treatment. Between 25 and 30% of all cancer
… In this review the effect of tobacco smoking on cancer incidence and mortality is examined, …

… , may interrupt or delay the administration of cancer therapy, and represents a costly burden
… factors and epidemiology of CRT in cancer patients, and review the evidence on prevention. …

… Prevention The preceding sections of this article have focused on epidemiology of gastric
cancer. Ultimately, the goal of epidemiology is to provide information in designing policies …

… South-Central Asia has the lowest epidemiological burden. Family history, race, and
hereditary syndromes are well-established risk factors for PCa. Modifiable risk factors may impact …

… to primary prevention efforts. This review focuses on the epidemiology of lung cancer in
nonsmokers. As noted in the preceding and following sections, lung cancer among nonsmokers …

… ethically be used to assess the effect of an agent suspected to promote cancer. CRC
epidemiology and prevention are presented in this review. Owing to space limitations, a highly …

… to reduce breast cancer risk through primary prevention, but secondary prevention by
mammographic screening in women of age 50 and older reduces mortality from breast cancer. …