… blood volume status, such as measuring central venous … of the femoral vein diameter (FVD)
to the femoral artery diameter (… FVD/FAD ratio to help judge a patient’s fluid volume status. …

… be used as a primary intravascular volume assessment tool for … Intravascular fluid status
estimation continues to be one of the … venous pressure (CVP) has long been used to guide fluid …

… By measuring the cardiac preload, it is possible to predict volume status and fluid … In
addition, the internal jugular vein (IJV), subclavian vein (SCV), and femoral vein (FV) are …

… been shown to be useful in estimating intravascular volume status, it may be technically difficult
… vein (SCV) collapsibility as an adjunct to IVC collapsibility in intravascular volume status …

… The femoral vein is relatively superficial and anatomically predictable. Previous studies …
vein and superior vena cava (7–9). The purpose of this study was to assess use of femoral vein …

… determination of intravascular volume status is crucial to supplement the blood volume,
reducing … The traditional paradigm of intravascular volume assessment relies on central venous …

… carotid artery, subclavian vein, internal jugular vein, and femoral vein. Such parameters are
… clinicians to evaluate the intravascular volume status and fluid responsiveness of a patient.[1…

… additional volumes of colloid given to optimise circulatory status … lesser quantity needed to
maintain intravascular volumes.16 The … Maximal intravascular volume loading alone seemed …

… Echocardiography estimates the volume status through intravascular volumes and pressures.
… Sonographic evaluation of femoral veins may also be useful [40], as recently reported in …

… Bedside assessment of intravascular volume status in critically ill patients is challenging. …
groups of patients with different intravascular volume status and Tukey's method was used for …