… Over cycles of 3-month duration, the model applies acute and long-term costs and utilities
to events to simulate lifetime healthcare costs and patient outcomes (including life years and …

… perform cost-utility analysis to compare dabigatran, rivaroxaban, apixaban, edoxaban and
warfarin in stroke prevention among AF patients from a Taiwan national payer perspective. …

… An advantage of Markov models is that costs and utilities can be averaged among several
primary data sources, which may result in estimates that more closely approximate the real-…

… Utilities of the general population in … Utilities were adjusted in the simulation when the
patient experienced AF recurrence, HF, stroke, ICH, or MI, according to the corresponding utility …

… The cost for clinical events, age-specific utilities, utility decrement due to stroke, and stroke
death was taken from the literature. Uncertainty in the model was considered in a probabilistic …

… Our findings showed that a slight variation of the utility values of the two drugs between 0.95
to 1.0 could change the choice of the most cost-effective option from dabigatran 150 mg to …

… utility of aspirin was estimated to be 0.996 based on previous economic models. We
conservatively estimated the utility of … (ie, costs cannot be <$0 and probabilities and utilities must …

… We estimated the mean utility of rivaroxaban to be similar with aspirin because it requires
once-daily dosing … Multiple utility losses for an individual patient are assumed to be multiplied. …

… Potential interactions between AD severity and both short- and long-term stroke outcomes
including effects on mortality, costs, and utilities were not fully captured in our analysis due to …

… Utilities were applied multiplicatively in the model; therefore, if a patient experienced a stroke
in a given cycle, they incurred the utility of AF with no events (0.779) multiplied by the utility …