… of drug resistance after virological failure with first-line … drug resistance emerges in a high
proportion of patients after virological failure on a tenofovir-containing first-line regimen across …

… we summarize the current antimicrobial resistance rate in Asia… first line regimens, and the
importance of the proton pump inhibitor (PPI) as a component of H. pylori eradication regimens …

… comparisons were not biased; therefore, we only analyzed resistance mutations and
particular regimens that were known to be related. For example, we analyzed rates of K65R …

… first-line regimen or, in circumstances where use of a non-NNRTI-containing first-line regimen
is … , using pretreatment drug-resistance testing to guide first-line ART regimen selection, if …

… Numerous studies have shown that baseline drug resistance … drug resistance testing to guide
the choice of initial regimen. … baseline resistance data enable transmitted drug resistance (…

… At least three fully active antiretroviral drugs are needed to ensure an optimum response
to first-line regimens and to prevent acquisition of drug resistance. Improved access to …

… transmitted drug resistance, and evaluation of drug resistance … the emergence of drug
resistance among treated populations … of drugs resistance varies according to initial regimen …

… for homogeneity, both within each regimen and stratified on drug resistance, as described
previously elsewhere. When sample sizes were small, we used exact tests for homogeneity. …

… The pooled rates of failure or relapse, or both, and acquired drug resistance with all drug
regimens were 15% (95% CI 12–18) and 3·6% (2–5), respectively, in patients with isoniazid-…

… of surveillance drug resistance mutations (SDRM), we used the calibrated population resistance
… To evaluate CRR, defined as any resistance level ≥3, we used the Stanford HIV Drug …