… In 1 study of patients with PPI-refractory GERD symptoms on twice-daily PPIs, abnormal
esophageal acid exposure was found in only 7% of 52 patients with typical GERD …

… This review discusses potential etiologies for PPI-refractory symptoms. Three major … So
what then is the explanation of symptom genesis in functional heartburn if not from reflux? …

… PPI, but one study has demonstrated that symptom resolution is reported by only 25% of these
patients [22]. The causes of refractory GERD symptoms … patients’ heartburn symptoms. By …

… Functional heartburn is one of the most common causes for failure of PPI treatment. The
underlying mechanisms for symptoms in functional heartburn patients remain to be elucidated. …

… MNBI is lower among PPI-responsive than PPI-refractory functional heartburn. … rate beyond
50% in true functional heartburn unless if functional heartburn overlaps with GERD. For the …

… of symptom generation in functional heartburn is complex and … of the patients referred with
refractory heartburn do not have … refractory heartburn and/or regurgitation symptoms on PPI …

… esophageal testing to differentiate functional heartburn from refractory reflux disease. Studies
… Antireflux medications, specifically PPIs, have no therapeutic role in functional heartburn, …

… functional heartburn, a visceral hypersensitivity syndrome. Treating patients with PPI-refractory
GERD–like symptoms … with PPI-refractory symptoms. Helpful clues include the associated …

… Therefore, the aims of this study were to determine the prevalence and predictors of
GERD and PPI-refractory GERD symptoms in a large, representative sample of community-dwelling …

… Nine hypothetical scenario of patients with proven GERD off PPI and persistent symptoms
on PPI were discussed by 14 American expert esophagologists in a three rounds process to …