… A surrogate neck based upon biomechanical … the surrogate head and neck to a variety of
baseline mechanical tests. Flexionextension rotation response testing and a series of head-first …

… appropriate biomechanical … response data using a suitable biomechanical response
measurement. Although brain kinematic response experiments have been performed for blunt head …

… finite element results to PMHS blunt impact tests with different material models for the brain
were comparable to the differences seen in the present study using a surrogate head model …

… By employing a combined finite element (FE)-mathematical surrogate modeling approach, …
to train Kriging surrogate models. These models produced clear response trends indicating …

… Based on geometry, we classified these physical surrogates used in literature into two
categories: surrogates with simplified and detailed geometry which are discussed further in detail. …

… head and spine kinematics that can be used to validate computational models and mechanical
surrogates… As with any biomechanical study, the current study has the following limitations…

… evaluate the biomechanical responses of human surrogates under various … head injury risk
for all surrogates, and increased or decreased thoracic injury risk, depending on the surrogate…

… on the resulting biomechanical response of the brain. In Sect. … of pendulum impactor, head
surrogate, and instrumentation. … results of head kinematics, the head biomechanical response …

… Surrogate materials were selected based on their mechanical and physical properties, in
order to exhibit a biomechanical response to blast loading that is similar to literature for brain, …

… back of the head of the surrogate. The head Frankfort plane of the dummy head was aligned
… Despite the varied PMHS response for a specific biomechanical metric, PMHS curves serve …