… of programmed effects across … programming effects across generations, review the mechanisms
which can underpin this process and consider the potential importance for public health. …

… Programming is the consequence of the innate capacity of developing tissues to adapt to …
The largest programming effects of nutritional manipulations on the development of …

… consequences of `programming', whereby a stimulus or insult at a critical, sensitive period of
early life has permanent effects … that produces the effects attributed to programming. There …

… effects that nutrition has on immediate and lifetime health. Of particular interest is the concept
of programming, … or lifetime effects on an organism.” Evidence that early nutrition has such “…

… Interestingly, fetal programming can also occur without any marked effect on birth … effect
by increasing the risk of coronary heart disease and type 2 diabetes in later life. These effects …

… effects of altered nutrition during the suckling period in the rat. We have adapted this technique
to evaluate the consequences … per se has no metabolic programming effects) and pups …

… Early nutrition modulates growth and functional development of the organism and appears
to exert lifelong programming effects that modulate health, disease and mortality risks in …

… to have deleterious effects on animal cardiovascular health when … loading in developmental
programming, the protein-restricted … the effects of protein restriction in the developing fetus. …

… Maternal supplementation with methyl donors has also been reported to modify some
deleterious effects of programming on offspring. Maternal folic acid supplementation in the rat …

… can achieve programming effects on development, metabolic diseases, and health risk in …
A preliminary assessment of the health economic consequences predicts that this degree of …