Purpose of the Review Proinflammatory cytokines are consistently elevated in congestive
heart failure. In the current review, we provide an overview on the current understanding of …

… Inflammation plays a key role in the pathogenesis of heart failure (HF). Tumor necrosis
factor alpha-α (TNFα), an inflammatory cytokine, has been implicated in HF progression as a …

… TNF-α levels are increased in severe heart failure, but do not appear increased in patients
with mild heart failure. These findings underscore that increased levels of TNF-α within the …

… -α in heart failure. The present review critically analyzes the reasons of failure of anti-TNF-α
therapy in heart failure. … of new anti-TNF-α therapy has been discussed which may open new …

… history of patients with heart failure (HF) is … Heart Association (NYHA) classification
had higher levels of collagen-induced platelet aggregation, platelet tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) …

… of congestive heart failure. This report demonstrates that, within the limits of an animal model
of heart failure consequent to TNF-α overexpression, therapy with anti-TNF-α antibody can …

… to estimate the incidence of and risk factors for heart failure in RA. A statistical analysis plan
… as heart failure, acute heart failure, congestive heart failure, or ventricular failure between …

… new onset heart failure had no identifiable traditional risk factor for heart failure (previous …
among younger rheumatoid arthritis and Crohn's patients exposed to TNF-α antagonists …

Background—Cytokine activation and endothelial dysfunction are typical phenomena of
congestive heart failure (CHF). We tested the hypothesis that incubating human umbilical vein …

… as the heart fails in order to produce the clinical syndrome that we have come to recognize
as “heart failure.” Recent clinical observations indicate that tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFa)…