… Potential causes of immune activation and inflammation in chronic heart failure… inflammatory
response to these stimuli may represent a common final pathogenic pathway in heart failure …

… In the present review, we focus on the role of inflammation in pathogenesis and
progression of the HF, the value of pro-inflammatory cytokines as biomarkers and the potential …

… Recent findings have implicated leukocytes subclasses and multiple inflammatory mediators
in the progression of heart failure and cardiovascular disease. Studies have discovered …

… cytokines that can predict clinical outcomes, yet the causative role inflammation plays in
disease progression is not well defined, and the majority of clinical trials that target aspects of …

… Persistent inflammation is a hallmark of chronic heart failure (HF). In humans, augmented …
role for inflammatory mediators in many of the pathological responses in the failing heart. …

… of heart failure (HF) that is considered as a leading cause of morbidity and mortality around
the world. Elevated levels of inflammatory … are involved in the progression of HF. Herein, we …

… regarding the development and progression of HF has … hypothesis to explain the progression
of HF and the evidence … a direct deleterious effect on the heart that is independent of the …

… P-selectin) reduces subsequent adverse myocardial remodelling and heart failure progression
52 . In addition to the spleen, emerging evidence shows that both gut microbiota 58 and …

… Recent research has demonstrated that T lymphocyte-mediated immune response has a
central role in CAD and the progression to heart failure [90–93]. In congestive …

… inflammation has been recognized as a common pathobiologic feature of both acute and
chronic heart failure (… mediators contribute to disease pathogenesis and progression. Last, we …