… surfaces shelters the bacteria and encourages persistence of infection. Furthermore,
implant-infecting … mechanisms underlying implant infections, highlighting orthopaedic implants …

… of Gram-negative orthopedic implant infections (OII). Those infections, usually hematogenous,
mostly … coli in this context to evade host innate immune responses, ie complement and …

… contribute to immune evasion. Additional … implant coatings that elute antibiotics from the
implant surface and provide biofilm resistance [132,133,134]. Treatment of the infected implant …

… , and hence, evade host defense mechanisms … implant surgery is bacterial or fungal infection.
Staphylococci are the most common microorganisms causing implant-associated infections…

… properties over 4 weeks of implantation allowed effective anti-infection and immune-…
infection and an immune-evasive coating for orthopedic implants. The conventional orthopedic …

… ), an immune evasion … evade bacterial clearance through the immune system and antibiotic
treatment and therefore are one key characteristic of chronic implant-related bone infections …

… via the hematogenous route, and (3) bacterial invasion of the bone from an infected implant
[10, 11]. There are five distinct classes of osteomyelitis. These include (1) prosthetic joint …

… from opportunistic bacteria (like those by staphylococci) toxins are rather directed to impairing
the immune defenses and evading the immune system, although some of these toxins can …

… , immune evasion and biofilm formation. [ 293 ] During the various stages of biofilm formation,
bacteria use QS as a local communication system to establish the necessary cooperative …

… infection, regulation of immune cell metabolic patterns by the biofilm environment, and immune
evasion … factors related to implant-associated infection such as immunity, metabolism, the …