… individual and its intestinal microflora through an environmental stimulus. Urbanization and
… of environmental influence in the development of IBD. Some environmental factors have a …

… rapid or drastic environmental changes to which the body has not properly adapted [3]. This
review will succinctly discuss the most important environmental factors for which there is an …

… This review article focuses on the role of environmental factors in the pathogenesis and …
This review article focuses on the role of environmental factors in the pathogenesis and …

… disease throughout life. This article reviews the literature on various environmental factors
in IBD that influence the development of disease as well as affect outcomes. Identification of …

… that environmental factors are playing an increasingly critical role in the development of
these disorders … Here, we review the data suggesting how different environmental factors may …

… In this article we discuss the current evidence on the roles of these factors on inflammatory
bowel disease, both as causative/protective agents and as modifiers of disease course. …

… The gut microbiome is a key component in the development of inflammatory bowel disease
(IBD). Several external factors potentially exert an effect by influencing the composition of the …

… In genetically susceptible individuals, the interaction between environmental factors and
normal intestinal commensal flora is believed to lead to an inappropriate immune response that …

… The best investigated environmental factor … Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has become
a prototype for a polygenetic disease that is associated with many genetic risk factors [1,2]. …

… inflammatory bowel disease. Here, we review some of the recent literature on environmental
factors … is evidence supporting that modifying the exposure can improve disease outcomes. …