… In-depth study of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) has led to a fuller understanding of sex
differences in cardiovascular physiology. CVD is currently the leading cause of death in women …

… Sex hormones may influence QT … Oestrogen modulation of cardiac ion channels can occur
by genomic and nongenomic mechanism. Sex-steroid hormones rapidly regulate cardiac ion …

… disease is the major cause of death in the developed world, any influence that oestrogen
replacement therapy has in reducing the risk of this disease is of major importance in the …

… In summary, physiologic levels of estrogen have profound influences on the reninangiotensin …
Association of polymorphism of human a oestrogen receptor gene with coronary artery …

… Large clinical trials of the newer selective oestrogen receptor modulators to lower cardiovascular
… Oestrogens may influence human myocyte survival. Ageing in females 17 to 95 years is …

… A diverse body of literature now exists on the influence of sex steroids on endothelial … by
our group, niether oestrogen alone nor oestrogen combined with progestin improved SAC. The …

… ' doses of oestrogen on cardiovascular risk indicate that of … oestrogen replacement protects
postmenopausal … are far from conclusive and the influence of oestrogen and progestogen on …

… cardiac physiology as well as in the heart's response to cardiac disease. Women generally
have better … , can also affect cardiac physiology in both a positive and a negative manner. …

… oestrogens influence a multitude of vascular biological processes and their cardiovascular
… gender-related effects of androgens and oestrogens on cardiovascular risk factors and on …

… CV system are likely to be more complex than previously expected. Oestrogens undoubtedly
have a role in CV physiology… the effects of oestrogens on CV cells influence physiology and …