… Some patients cannot perform squatting exercises on land occasionally due to knee pain. …
lower limb muscle activities are lower in water than on land while performing CKC exercises. …

… difference in average effect between aquatic and land exercise for knee extensor (SMD, −.…
increase lower limb strength, 12 and 1 additional study described muscle strengthening as a …

… Therefore, the goal of the present study was to compare the effects of water and land exercise
on muscle strength of the lower limb and walking ability in older adult men. The result of …

… functional lower limb exercise including gait, closed kinetic chain and plyometric exercise in
water and on land for spatiotemporal, kinematic, force and muscle activation outcomes, and (…

… This study hypothesized that lower limb muscle activation in water is lower than on land,
and they increase along steps per min during FSU exercise. The results of this study provide …

… These exercises involve applying resistance through the terminal joint of a limb segment, …
quantified gains in muscular force that occur following an aquatic exercise program. Bartow …

… Muscle activity levels were significantly lower in water compared with dry land at 30/sec and
… -land activity to water-based isokinetic resistance. The pectoralis major and latissimus dorsi …

… exercises in water should support the limb and allow for range of motion without excessive
muscle … a transition to more advanced dynamic strengthening or conditioning exercises on dry …

… exercise promoted physiological functioning of the muscles in the legs after high-intensity
downhill running for a period until the damaged muscles … Therefore, when jogging on land is …

… that lower limb muscle strength exercises in water … land exercise group and the aquatic
exercise group, the error decreased more in the aquatic exercise group than in the land exercise …