… In fact, estrogen triggers a number of rapid actions in vascular cells, inducing vasodilatation,
exerting anti-inflammatory activity, regulating vascular cell growth and migration as well as …

… The arterial wall is composed of vascular smooth muscle cells which vasodilate and
vasoconstrict in response to a number of circulating and local vasoactive mediators including those …

… with the menopausal transition on vascular aging in women and … intersection between gonadal
function and vascular aging. … The vascular endothelium is a single cell layer that lines the …

… The peripheral blood EPCs act as a circulating pool of cells capable of maintaining the
critical homeostasis of the luminal endothelial vascular surface. In addition, EPCs are mobilized …

… in 1942 for treatment of menopausal symptoms such as hot … -menopausal women (PreMW)
than in men of the same age, … in plasma levels of estrogen during menopause [5]. In effect, …

… menopause (age <40 years) or early menopause (age 40–44 … compared to women who
had menopause at age 50–51 (… in the different vascular cell types during aging and how …

… The neuroendocrinology of menopause is reviewed from a comparative perspective, with …
criteria (Stages of Reproductive Aging Workshop). Ovarian cell loss begins prenatally in all …

… menopause and aging contribute jointly to vascular aging and how estrogen modulates
vascular … functioning of vascular cells, other molecules crucial to control of vascular function are …

… Endothelial dysfunction is a contributor to vascular aging and a key initiator in the … oxide
(NO) by vascular endothelium, which then diffuses into vascular smooth muscle cells, causing its …

… heart, but also the vasculature. ERα and ERβ are both expressed in vascular endothelial
cells and vascular smooth muscle cells. E2 regulates many genes in these cell types, such as …