… Tat on NADPH oxidase in microglia and macrophages, and to determine the specific role of
NADPH oxidase in Tat… Application of Tat to microglia or macrophages caused dose-and time-…

… suggest that HIV-1 Tat and gp41 proteins impact several key functions of microglial cells
which … production has recently been reported in studies of HIV-1-infected macrophages (24). …

… We hypothesized that expression of HIV-1 Tat protein in a transgenic … macrophages/microglia
within the dorsal striatum. The dorsal striatum is reported to be selectively vulnerable in HIV…

… mechanisms for HIV-1 Tat-mediated microglial inflammation … Activation by Tat of the microglial
nucleotide-binding domain … others have shown that in macrophages and microglial cells, a …

… This is partially supported by our in vivo studies showing increased macrophage/microglial
near sites of Tat injection despite continuous systemic morphine. The finding that conditioned …

… presence of infected macrophages and microglia within the … , the result of fusion of microglia
and macrophages (Navia et al., … with HIV-1 may be that these infected leukocytes secrete tat, …

… of CD45 in microglial responsiveness to HIV-1 Tat protein, we treated BV-2 microglia with a
… can be released from infected microglia and macrophages as well [16]. Circulating levels of …

… Macrophage/microglial accumulation and proliferating cell nuclear antigen expression in
the central nervous system in human immunodeficiency virus encephalopathy. The American …

… Microglia, functioning as resident brain macrophages, represent the initial defense against
invading pathogens and are a critical link between the central nervous system (CNS) and the …

… single or repeated doses of Tat into rats, followed by macrophages and lymphocytes 6 d
later. … 28 d after exposure to Tat we observed reactive microglial morphology both by CD11b …