We describe two new macraucheniid litopterns from the late middle Miocene (ca. 13 Ma)
Quebrada Honda Fauna of southern Bolivia. The holotype of ‘Theosodon’ arozquetai, sp. nov., …

… ated in or near the mesocranial portion of the central stem are rare or absent in other
mammals, we at first thought they were simply artificial dehiscences into the large pneumatic cells …

… ated in or near the mesocranial portion of the central stem are rare or absent in other
mammals, we at irst thought they were simply artiicial dehiscences into the large pneumatic cells …

… shared litopterna, the macraucheniid Promacrauchenia, as well as to other common
mammals … and affinities of the South American Condylarthra and early tertiary litopterna (mammalia) …

… Miocene and suggests that the intermediate latitudes might have been a center of diversification
for mesotheriines and potentially other groups of mammals… the middle Miocene Huaylas …

… SALMA) marine deposits of the Bahía Inglesa Formation (middle Miocene-late Pliocene),
Chile, and also the first late Miocene macraucheniid from the west coast of South America (Fig. …

… The phylogenetic placement of the four proterotheriids from the middle Miocene La Venta
fauna of Colombia sheds light on the poorly understood long-term isolation of tropical faunas …

… Litopterna from fossiliferous exposures of the Santa Cruz Formation (Early–Middle
Miocene) along the Río Santa Cruz, Patagonia Argentina, are analyzed and described. In the …

… This fact is not really surprising, since the idea that the South American Cenozoic mammals
… , does not belong in any of the known mammalian orders. It is a very strange and aberrant …

… The fossils herein described were exhumed from sediments of the Camacho Formation, Late
Miocene of Uruguay. This study increases the mammalian diversity for this unit and confirm …