Normal ranges and test-retest reproducibility of flow and velocity parameters in intracranial arteries measured with phase-contrast magnetic resonance imaging

M Correia de Verdier, J Wikström - Neuroradiology, 2016 - Springer
normal ranges for PC-MRI-measured flow and velocity parameters in the main intracranial
arteries … Zhao et al. evaluated flow in intracranial and extracranial arteries in 83 healthy adults; …

Transcranial Doppler ultrasound for the assessment of intracranial arterial flow velocity—Part 1. Examination technique and normal values

M Hennerici, W Rautenberg, G Sitzer, A Schwartz - Surgical neurology, 1987 - Elsevier
… technique and normal values of flow velocity from intracranial basal cerebral arteries for a
recently … as is the range of normal for these values (Figure 4) . In contrast, standard deviations …

A standardized method for measuring intracranial arterial stenosis

OB Samuels, GJ Joseph, MJ Lynn… - American journal …, 2000 - Am Soc Neuroradiology
… = the diameter of the proximal normal artery. If the proximal … D normal : distal artery (second
choice), feeding artery (third … stenosis and D normal of 24 stenotic intracranial arteries. Each …

Assessment of intracranial hemodynamics in carotid artery disease by transcranial Doppler ultrasound

KF Lindegaard, SJ Bakke, P Grolimund, R Aaslid… - Journal of …, 1985 - thejns.org
artery under study expressed as a percent of the pulsatility index of another intracranial artery
… Flow velocities in basal cerebral arteries have a wide normal range. ~ The present series …

Doppler diagnosis of intracranial artery occlusive disorders.

KF Lindegaard, SJ Bakke, R Aaslid… - Journal of Neurology …, 1986 - jnnp.bmj.com
… Flow velocities in intracranial arteries show a wide normal range which probablyparallels
individual vessel calibre variation. 15- 17 20 The diameter of the carotid siphonnormally …

Transcranial color Doppler sonography of basal cerebral arteries in 182 healthy subjects: age and sex variability and normal reference values for blood flow …

J Krejza, Z Mariak, J Walecki, P Szydlik… - … American journal of …, 1999 - Am Roentgen Ray Soc
… ing the range of the mean ± 3 SD, a normal reference range was … for the assessment of
intracranial arterial flow velocity. … Examination technique and normal values. Surg Neuml 1987;27:…

Transcranial Dopplersonography. Examination technique and normal reference values

BJ Arnolds, GM von Reutern - Ultrasound in medicine & biology, 1986 - Elsevier
artery (MCA) can be examined from the intracranial carotid … range from 4.5 to 6.0 cm of
depth. In addition, the individual subjects showed fairly constant high frequencies over this range

Natural course of intracranial arterial dissections

T Mizutani - Journal of neurosurgery, 2011 - thejns.org
Object Noninvasive neuroimaging techniques are increasingly identifying unruptured
intracranial arterial dissections (IADs) at examination for headache or ischemic symptoms. …

Normal cerebral arterial development and variations

S Kathuria, L Gregg, J Chen, D Gandhi - Seminars in Ultrasound, CT and …, 2011 - Elsevier
… of the human intracranial arterial development based on … The angiographic incidence of
fenestrations ranges from 0.03… angiographic frequencies of intracranial arterial fenestration can …

Stiffness and elastic behavior of human intracranial and extracranial arteries

K Hayashi, H Handa, S Nagasawa, A Okumura… - Journal of …, 1980 - Elsevier
normal blood pressure in these arteries. Linear relations were absented between these two
ratios in the physiological pressure range … extracranial arteries are all within a narrow range