… in observational near‐surface air temperature and sea‐surface temperature analyses are
combined to produce HadCRUT4, a new data set of global and regional temperature evolution …

… to heating processes without allowing (over decades) a temperature change in the
troposphere at a higher rate than it changes near the surface. An alternate explanation is that the …

… One of the most robust analyses of climate change has been on near surface temperature
change (TAS). The length, coverage and relative accuracy of observations of TAS has made …

… , for example, the resolution and the baseline period in global temperature datasets, are
more or less adequate for a specific purpose. These non-representational uncertainties do not …

… The observational dataset employed in this study is the gridded daily scale dataset of
CN05.1 (Wu and Gao, 2013), which is an augmentation of CN05 (Xu et al., 2009) based on …

… temperature changes in one gridded observational dataset and three reanalysis datasets. The
… consistency across reanalysis datasets and observational dataset in extreme temperature …

… reduce uncertainties in estimates of surface temperature changes and to improve the …
temperature distributions than those of the observational datasets, but the ERA-20CM temperature …

… assessment of temperature changes based on two observational and three reanalysis
data sets for the African continent. We analyse the change in extreme temperatures and heat …

… bias effects, and the effect of limited observational coverage on large-scale averages have
all been made. Since the mid twentieth century the uncertainties in global and hemispheric …

… Observational estimates of the climate system are essential to monitoring and understanding
ongoing climate change and … four observational products of sea surface temperature with a …