… Here we analyze observed changes in climate extremes in … We hypothesize that globally,
observed climate changes in … For temperature extremes, we analyzed heat and cold waves …

… we report that changes in extreme heat event … changes in mean global-scale warming.
Numerous studies have detected significant changes in the observed occurrence of extreme heat …

… heat wave was one of the worst short-duration heat waves of the 20th century (14, 15), an
analysis of multiday extreme heat … temporal distribution of these extreme heat waves is the high …

… compare the observed changes with the CESM 1.5C/2C future projections. We find that …
heat extreme changes under the past 0.5C warming increment are detectable in observations …

… of heat extremes … observed increase in monthly heat extremes. For the near-term (ie, by
2040), the models predict a robust, several-fold increase in the frequency of such heat extremes, …

… However, analyzing changes in extremes, such as changes in heat wave duration or in
the number of days during which temperature exceeds its long-term 90th percentile, requires …

… trends in the frequency and intensity of temperature extremes and test whether a change …
for heat stress. In addition, we test if changes in the extremes are larger than changes in the …

… Since the observed and modeled increasing heat extremes are absent in the CMIP5 control
runs without radiative forcing, they are attributed to human-induced climate change. This …

… ” extremes) have been observed. Poland did not suffer much during the two most severe recent
summer heat … Observed changes have been statistically significant for a larger number of …

… The magnitude of very extreme heat waves that have been observed in different regions
of the world, such as in France 2003 or in Russia 2010, are often not well captured in …