… some special challenges. Although … opportunities and challenges associated with developing
and validating in vivo imaging biomarkers to measure biological phenomena in the lungs …

… Studies of lung function … of lung injury and risk factors for lung function decline may guide
choices in clinical care and development of new therapies. Defining the rate of lung function …

… and identify unanswered questions, challenges, and potential opportunities for intervention.
… be relevant to promote lung growth in infants with low lung function and perhaps in adults …

… , smoking during pregnancy and elsewhere remains a major public health challenge. …
windows of opportunity for early prevention of long-term sequelae of childhood asthma on …

… lung function, a more detailed account of which is provided elsewhere,10 before discussing
emerging techniques that may help to overcome these clinical challenges. … opportunities for …

… is especially important to preserve lung function, limit unnecessary and invasive investigations
and contain costs. Early referral to specialist centres for rare lung diseases can be helpful …

… charts could be used for both children and adults to monitor lung health status across the …
our free online Lung Function Tracker tool. Finally, we discuss challenges and opportunities for …

… , child, and adolescent environment is crucial for lung development, with pre-school lung
function tracking and predicting early adult lung function, into at least the seventh decade of life. …

… biology, and genetics to understand lung function in health and disease. These efforts, …
challenge is daunting—the lung is complex, and its functions depend on the integrated function …

… Lung bioengineering is a disrupting concept that poses a challenge for improving our basic
science knowledge and is also an opportunity for facilitating lung transplantation in future …