… pain within days to weeks after injury, which ultimately persists into chronic stages. To date,
the consequences of pain … of pain and pain management on neurological recovery after SCI. …

… recovery of sensory and motor function and lowers the risk of hypotension compared with
conventional spinal techniques.The ‘‘minidose’’ spinal technique has been shown to facilitate …

… of changes in motor control in pain and provide direction for … theory of the motor adaptation
to pain to address these two … abdominis serves as a useful marker of the motor recovery. …

Effective pain management is fundamental to enhanced recovery after surgery. Selection of
strategies should be tailored to patient and operation. As well as improving the quality of …

… management of postoperative pain in the context of ERPs. The primary objective of this
review is to provide an overview of salient pain management … postoperative pain management …

… He was subsequently referred to our clinic for pain management, where he received
tricyclic antidepressants, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, anticonvulsants, oral baclofen, …

… Together, these studies indicate that the representation of muscles affected by pain are … of
motor function (recovery and deficit) and, most importantly, that the level of ongoing pain and …

… activity immediately following the resolution of acute muscle pain did not … recovery has
relevance for clinical pain syndromes where ongoing motor dysfunction, in the absence of pain, …

… recovery and shorten hospital stay. Effective treatment of postoperative pain is also likely to
prevent chronic pain … that is less inclined to induce motor blockade than bupivacaine. On the …

… may initiate reflex motor responses that lead to spasm and myofascial pain. Heightened reflex
… chronic stump and phantom limb pain in patients recovering from below-knee amputation. …