Context.—Correlation of radiologic and pathologic findings is important for optimal management of patients with image-guided breast biopsies.

Objectives.—To (1) evaluate the rates of radiologic and pathologic correlation in breast needle core biopsies, (2) evaluate laboratory and radiology practices associated with greater correlation rates, and (3) determine the rates at which the lack of radiologic-pathologic correlation is documented in pathology reports.

Design.—The study was offered and conducted as a College of American Pathologists voluntary Q-Probes program. Participants in this study retrospectively reviewed 30 consecutive, initial, diagnostic needle core biopsy cases performed for abnormal radiologic findings. If 12 months of accessioned cases were reviewed without identifying 30 qualifying cases, participants stopped the retrospective review and included all cases identified. For each case or specimen, the participants provided detailed information about the radiologic and pathologic findings.

Results.—In aggregate, a radiologic-pathologic correlation was found in 94.9% (1328 of 1399) of the cases reviewed, based on the participants' judgments. Significant differences in the correlation rates existed when cases were discussed at an interdepartmental, multidisciplinary conference (P < .001). No significant differences were found in the correlation rates of the following: whether surgeons or radiologists performed the biopsy, whether cores with calcifications were identified by any method, and whether the laboratory had one or more designated breast pathologists.

Conclusions.—Participation in a multidisciplinary breast conference is useful in radiologic-pathologic correlation. Active involvement by pathologists in correlating pathologic and radiologic findings is important.