Pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamic (PD) studies have proven to be powerful and
instructive tools, particularly in elucidating important aspects of human pharmacology. …

… distinguished the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic sources of variability in response
to a dose and offers practical advice for implementation of exposure response analysis. …

… (J 979) on the effect of digoxin on electromechanical systole (QS2)' Using a linear
pharmacodynamic model with a baseline parameter and a pharmacokineticpharmacodynamic …

… Areas covered: We examined pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of antimicrobial
agents with modeling and simulation approaches. The approach that is based on minimum …

… Antimicrobial pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) science is vital to early antibiotic
drug development to enable more efficient dose-effect study designs, identification of doses …

… In conclusion, insulin detemir showed a linear dose response over a range of clinically
relevant doses. Futhermore, insulin detemir provides a flat and protracted pharmacodynamic …

… in the dog and marked hepatotoxicity at the highest dose tested (60 mg} kg). Such increases
may parallel a steep dose response±curve as seen for proxicromil. In some cases the dose-…

… This study demonstrated a dose-response relationship for repaglinide treatment. Although
insulin stimulation did not show a straightforward dose-response relationship to repaglinide …

… clinician must determine the dose that most closely achieves … of pharmacokinetics with
pharmacodynamics to clarify the dose-… interaction, whereas pharmacokinetics deals with the dose-…

… An alternative approach to dose finding is suggested in which phase 2 studies concentrate
initially on pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic (PK-PD) characterization and in vivo …