[HTML][HTML] Pyruvate kinase M2 regulates photoreceptor structure, function, and viability

A Rajala, Y Wang, RS Brush, K Tsantilas… - Cell death & …, 2018 - nature.com
… , our results show that loss of PKM2 reduced the thickness of the photoreceptor end tips.
Our data suggest that PKM2 is important for the maintenance of photoreceptor structure. …

[HTML][HTML] Aerobic glycolysis in the retina: functional roles of pyruvate kinase isoforms

RVS Rajala - Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology, 2020 - frontiersin.org
… Similar to cancer cells, retinal photoreceptors predominantly … in photoreceptor cells. This
review focuses on the metabolic and non-metabolic roles of pyruvate kinases in photoreceptor

[HTML][HTML] Pyruvate kinase M2 isoform deletion in cone photoreceptors results in age-related cone degeneration

A Rajala, Y Wang, K Soni, RVS Rajala - Cell death & disease, 2018 - nature.com
… The tumor form of pyruvate kinase M2 has been suggested to … photoreceptors express
the tumor form of pyruvate kinase M2… important for rod photoreceptor structure, function, and …

[HTML][HTML] The Warburg effect mediator pyruvate kinase M2 expression and regulation in the retina

RVS Rajala, A Rajala, C Kooker, Y Wang… - Scientific reports, 2016 - nature.com
… Our biochemical characterization of pyruvate kinase in isolated rod and cone photoreceptors
clearly shows the expression of both PKM1 and PKM2 isoforms. It is interesting to note that …

[HTML][HTML] Small molecule activation of metabolic enzyme pyruvate kinase muscle isozyme 2, PKM2, circumvents photoreceptor apoptosis

TJ Wubben, M Pawar, E Weh, A Smith… - Scientific reports, 2020 - nature.com
Photoreceptor cell death is the ultimate cause of vision loss in many retinal disorders, and
photoreceptor survival. Similar to cancer cells, photoreceptors maintain pyruvate kinase

[HTML][HTML] Development of Novel Small-Molecule Activators of Pyruvate Kinase Muscle Isozyme 2, PKM2, to Reduce Photoreceptor Apoptosis

TJ Wubben, S Chaudhury, BT Watch, JA Stuckey… - Pharmaceuticals, 2023 - mdpi.com
… is critical to photoreceptor function and survival [3,5,11,12]. Pyruvate kinase muscle isoform
2 (… the penultimate step of glycolysis, producing pyruvate and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) …

[HTML][HTML] M-type pyruvate kinase isoforms and lactate dehydrogenase A in the mammalian retina: metabolic implications

RJ Casson, JPM Wood, G Han… - … & visual science, 2016 - arvojournals.org
… Results: Pyruvate kinase M2 was present in some glial cells and rod and cone photoreceptors
in the retina … Pyruvate kinase M1 was confined to neurons in the retina and brain. Lactate …

Pyruvate kinase and aspartate-glutamate carrier distributions reveal key metabolic links between neurons and glia in retina

KJ Lindsay, J Du, SR Sloat… - Proceedings of the …, 2014 - National Acad Sciences
… The M2 isoform of pyruvate kinase (PKM2) is … find that photoreceptors (PRs) in retinas, like
cancer cells in tumors, express PKM2. We also found very little expression of pyruvate kinase (…

Development of novel pyruvate kinase muscle isoform 2 (PKM2) activators for photoreceptor neuroprotection

TJ Wubben, JC Rech, MD Pawar… - … & Visual Science, 2020 - iovs.arvojournals.org
photoreceptor cell death. Our laboratory has shown that reprogramming photoreceptor
However, the low aqueous solubility and structural features of the lead compound, ML-265, …

Glucose metabolism in mammalian photoreceptor inner and outer segments

DS Narayan, G Chidlow, JPM Wood… - Clinical & …, 2017 - Wiley Online Library
… The molecular switch controlling glycolytic flow is thought to be the M2 isoenzyme of pyruvate
kinase (PKM2). PKM1 and PKM2 are both present in the mouse retina. However, the outer …