… outcomes for anti-CTLA-4 and anti-PD-1 or anti-PD-L1 therapies. This Review investigates
the progress of biomarkers as aids to checkpoint inhibitor immunotherapy in cancer (table). …

… biomarkers of response to immune checkpoint inhibitors, in particular the recent rapid progress
in host and tumour genomics. It is unlikely that a single biomarker … and biomarker driven …

… of multifactorial synergistic predictive markers. Comprehensive predictive-models developed
… exploration course and research progress of predictive biomarkers as an adjunctive tool to …

… Tumor mutational burden (TMB) is a newly established independent predictor of immune
checkpoint inhibitor (ICPI) treatment outcome across multiple tumor types. Certain next‐…

… Because checkpoint inhibitor therapies are … biomarkers to predict benefit. As we have seen,
PD-L1 IHC expression is an important predictive biomarker and currently the only biomarker …

… investigational biomarkers [15]. The aim of this paper is to review the literature on predictive
biomarkers for irAEs from a practical approach, differentiating between biomarkers already …

… mechanisms of ICI therapy, immune checkpoint inhibitors have been widely used in clinical
… a precise biomarker and to overcome the tolerance to immunotherapy. Predictive biomarkers …

… Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) … for predictive biomarkers to facilitate more informed
selection of therapy. Tumor mutational burden (TMB) is one feature of a tumor that has predictive …

… and development of a new generation of predictive biomarkers are urgently … predictive
biomarkers and their optimal use. Secondly, we will review four novel gene signature biomarkers: …

… is a need for additional predictive biomarkers to improve patient … as a predictive biomarker
and review emerging biomarker … Novel approaches in biomarker detection such as peripheral …