… evaluated, and barriers and enablers to effective PPI identified. Design A three-staged realist
evaluation … arthritis, cystic fibrosis, dementia, public health and learning disabilities. The first …

… the benefits of public involvement in research remains limited. This study addressed this need
through a realist evaluation. … This study addressed this need through a realist evaluation. …

… This paper presents findings from a realist evaluation of PPI in health research in England
3 to explore how PPI becomes integrated within clinical research and what actions enable this…

… We conclude that a more intentional and explicit exploration of the links between context,
mechanism and outcome, applying the principles of realistic evaluation to public involvement …

… No public forum members were involved in the writing of this article, as those invited found
the realist evaluation process complex and beyond their skill-set and they declined to take part…

… In this study, realist evaluation furthered our understanding of PPP functioning in terms of
the interactions they offered to people and how interactions affected the PPPs. …

… We will aim for maximum variety in experience of research teams, topics, settings and
approach to patient and public involvement. We will work flexibly with teams, mostly by phone, …

… a realist approach, alongside collecting information on funding and resources, to evaluate
three … By using realist evaluation, this project aimed to provide unique insights that explain the …

… Methodology and methods: realist evaluation This study used realist evaluation methodology
[24] informed by a realist synthesis [25]. It is based on qualitative research methods for data …

… literature on definitions and terminology for public participation in government. Terms
often used interchangeably are citizen/civil engagement, public involvement/dialogue/participation, …