… Although autograft has been considered the gold standard in achieving radiographic fusion
in ACDF … The primary purpose of this study is to evaluate radiographic fusion in patients who …

… radiography has made this radiographic technique the unsubstantiated gold standard for the
assessment of fusion … compared the utility of CT imaging to other radiographic techniques. …

… that multiple modalities be considered for the noninvasive evaluation of symptomatic
patients with suspected fusion failure, because no radiographic gold standard exists. …

… radiographs also be the initial method of determining fusion … assessment as the “gold standard”
for establishing the … with another reference standard (eg, plain radiographs to CT scans), …

… the efficacy of plain radiographs, CT scans, and MRI scans in fusion assessment, none of …
a pseudarthrosis against the gold standard of intraoperative exploration of fusion to determine …

… Grade 4 Probable radiographic fusion: Bone bridges the entire fusion area with at least the
… Grade 5 Radiographic fusion: The bone in the fusion area is more dense and mature than …

… Of course, the true gold standard is the finding of motion and lack of bony union at
surgical exploration, but this is not feasible for most research projects and it is of no use in …

… was made using plain radiographs rather than the gold standard of surgical exploration. …
disc space on static radiographs as the diagnostic gold standard rather than surgical exploration …

… Surgical exploration has been considered the gold standard for assessing fusion status; …
of four radiographic fusion criteria, using surgical exploration as the gold standard. The ExGBB …

… The gold standard for the diagnosis … radiographs accurately determine fusion in postoperative
patients? Correlation of routine radiographs with a second surgical look at lumbar fusions. …