… Cardiogenic shock is a life-… Cardiogenic shock has several underlying aetiologies, with the
most common being acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Refractory cardiogenic shock presents …

Background Postcardiotomy cardiogenic shock (PCCS) refractory to inotropic support and
intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) occurs rarely but is almost universally fatal without …

… Shock Team approach appears to be feasible and beneficial in the management of refractory
cardiogenic shock.A, Baseline characteristics of study population. Data expressed as mean…

… Refractory cardiogenic shock is almost always lethal without emergency circulatory
support, eg, ECMO. ECMO-associated morbidity and mortality plead for identification of early …

… stages (A to E) defined according to the criteria proposed by the Cardiogenic Shock …
presentations that should be considered refractory cardiogenic shock based either on the severe …

BACKGROUND: Mortality for refractory cardiogenic shock (RCS) remains high. However,
with improving mechanical circulatory support device (MCSD) technology, the treatment …

… risk factors for cardiogenic shock supported with ECMO have … Despite the high burden of
refractory cardiogenic shock … survival following refractory cardiogenic shock requiring ECMO …

… An SBP <90 mm Hg that is refractory to fluid resuscitation with clinical and laboratory …
However, CS is a continuum that extends from pre‐shock to refractory shock states, which influence …

… Studies were included if they had at least 10 patients in their cohorts and where VA-ECMO
had been used in supporting patients with refractory cardiogenic shock. Non-English studies, …

… of cardiogenic shock patients and the limitations of the IABP, we sought to determine the
efficacy of the pVAD for hemodynamic support in patients with ICM or NICM that was refractory …