Patterns of non-uniform usage of synonymous codons vary across genes in an organism
and between species across all domains of life. This codon usage bias (CUB) is due to a …

Variation in synonymous codon usage is abundant across multiple levels of organization:
between codons of an amino acid, between genes in a genome, and between genomes of …

Experimental evidence shows that synonymous mutations can have important
consequences on genetic fitness. Many organisms display codon usage bias (CUB), where …

Codon usage bias (CUB) has been documented across a wide range of taxa and is the
subject of numerous studies. While most explanations of CUB invoke some type of natural …

Alternative synonymous codons are often used at unequal frequencies. Classically, studies
of such codon usage bias (CUB) attempted to separate the impact of neutral from selective …

Codon usage bias (CUB) results from the complex interplay between translational selection
and mutational biases. Current methods for CUB analysis apply heuristics to integrate both …

A key goal in molecular evolution is to extract mechanistic insights from signatures of
selection. A case study is codon usage, where despite many recent advances and …

Background Natural selection has traditionally been understood as a force responsible for
pushing genes to states of higher translational efficiency, whereas lower translational …

The genetic code is redundant with most amino acids using multiple codons. In many
organisms, codon usage is biased toward particular codons. Understanding the adaptive …

Background Codon usage bias (CUB), the non-uniform usage of synonymous codons,
occurs across all domains of life. Adaptive CUB is hypothesized to result from various …