Resistance of microorganisms to many classes of antibiotics and other drugs is a major
problem throughout the world. This antimicrobial resistance can be mediated by various …

Active efflux of antibiotics is one of the major mechanisms of drug resistance in bacteria. The
efflux process is mediated by membrane transporters with a large variety of unrelated …

Drug efflux is recognized as a clinically relevant mechanism of antimicrobial drug resistance
in selected species of bacteria. Membrane-based polypeptides belong to distinct protein …

Resistance of bacteria to many classes of antibiotics is an increasing problem worldwide.
Multidrug resistance efflux pumps are recognized as an important component of resistance …

Drug resistance in bacteria, and especially resistance to multiple antibacterials, has
attracted much attention in recent years. In addition to the well known mechanisms, such as …

Gram-positive bacteria express numerous membrane transporters that promote the efflux of
various drugs, including many antibiotics, from the cell to the outer medium. Drug …

The emergence of active efflux as a major causative factor in antibiotic resistance has been
one of the most significant trends in antiinfective chemotherapy over the last decade. The …

Efflux mechanisms have become broadly recognized as major components of resistance to
many classes of antibiotics. Some efflux pumps selectively extrude specific antibiotics, while …

It is now well established that bacterial resistance to antibiotics has become a serious
problem of public health that concerns almost all antibacterial agents and that manifests in …

Introduction: Microbial resistance against antibiotics is a serious threat to the effective
treatment of infectious diseases. Several mechanisms exist through which microorganisms …